Titania

astronomy

Oct 3, 2023 - 22:18
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Titania, the largest moon of Uranus, in a composite of images taken by Voyager 2 as it made its closest approach to the Uranian system on Jan. 24, 1986. In addition to many small bright impact craters, there can be seen a large ring-shaped impact basin in the upper right of the moon's disk near the terminator (day-night boundary) and a long, deep fault line extending from near the centre of the moon's disk toward the terminator. Titania's neutral gray colour is representative of the planet's five major moons as a whole.

Titania, largest of the moons of Uranus. It was first detected telescopically in 1787 by the English astronomer William Herschel, who had discovered Uranus itself six years earlier. Titania was named by William’s son, John Herschel, for a character in William Shakespeare’s play A Midsummer Night’s Dream.

Titania orbits at a mean distance of 435,840 km (270,820 miles) from the centre of Uranus, which makes it the second outermost of the planet’s major moons. Its orbital period is 8.706 days, as is its rotational period. It is thus in synchronous rotation, keeping the same face toward the planet and the same face forward in its orbit. Its diameter is 1,578 km (980 miles), and it has a density of about 1.71 grams per cubic cm. Titania appears to be composed of equal parts water ice and rocky material; a small amount of frozen methane is probably present as well. (For comparative data about Titania and other Uranian satellites, see the table.)

Moons of Uranus
name mean distance from centre of Uranus (orbital radius; km) orbital period (sidereal period; Earth days)* inclination of orbit to planet's equator (degrees)** eccentricity of orbit rotation period (Earth days)*** radius (km) mass (1020 kg) mean density (g/cm3)
*R following the quantity indicates a retrograde orbit.
**Inclination values in parentheses are relative to the ecliptic.
***Sync. = synchronous rotation; the rotation and orbital periods are the same.
Cordelia 49,800 0.335 0.085 0.0003 20
Ophelia 53,800 0.376 0.104 0.0099 21
Bianca 59,200 0.435 0.193 0.0009 26
Cressida 61,800 0.464 0.006 0.0004 40
Desdemona 62,700 0.474 0.113 0.0001 32
Juliet 64,400 0.493 0.065 0.0007 47
Portia 66,100 0.513 0.059 0.0001 68
Rosalind 69,900 0.558 0.279 0.0001 36
Cupid 74,392 0.613 0.099 0.0013 5
Belinda 75,300 0.624 0.031 0.0001 40
Perdita 76,417 0.638 0.47 0.0116 10
Puck 86,000 0.762 0.319 0.0001 81
Mab 97,736 0.923 0.134 0.0025 5
Miranda 129,900 1.413 4.338 0.0013 sync. 235.7 0.66 1.2
Ariel 190,900 2.52 0.041 0.0012 sync. 578.9 13.5 1.67
Umbriel 266,000 4.144 0.128 0.0039 sync. 584.7 11.7 1.4
Titania 436,300 8.706 0.079 0.0011 sync. 788.9 35.2 1.71
Oberon 583,500 13.46 0.068 0.0014 sync. 761.4 30.1 1.63
Francisco 4,276,000 266.56R (145.22) 0.1459 11
Caliban 7,231,000 579.73R (140.881) 0.1587 36
Stephano 8,004,000 677.36R (144.113) 0.2292 16
Trinculo 8,504,000 749.24R (167.053) 0.22 9
Sycorax 12,179,000 1288.3R (159.404) 0.5224 75
Margaret 14,345,000 1687.01 (56.63) 0.6608 10
Prospero 16,256,000 1978.29R (151.966) 0.4448 25
Setebos 17,418,000 2225.21R (158.202) 0.5914 24
Ferdinand 20,901,000 2887.21R (169.84) 0.3682 10

Titania was observed close up on only one occasion, when the U.S. Voyager 2 spacecraft swiftly flew through the Uranian system in 1986. Spacecraft images show its surface to have many bright impact craters up to 50 km (30 miles) in diameter, but few large ones, along with trenches and a deep fault line extending roughly 1,600 km (1,000 miles). These and other related features strongly suggest the occurrence of internal geologic processes in the moon’s ancient past.

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