Chadron

Chadron: Mari Sandoz High Plains Heritage Center

Chadron, city, seat of Dawes county, northwestern Nebraska, U.S., near the White River, a few miles south of the South Dakota state line, in the Nebraska panhandle. Sioux Indians lived in the region when cattle ranchers arrived in the 1870s. A community called O’Linn soon grew at the site; in 1885 its residents moved a few miles to the southeast, where a railroad had established another town, and changed the name to Chadron. The name Chadron is a corruption of Chartran, the name of a fur trader who once did business on the site. The city is now a service centre for an agricultural area chiefly producing wheat, alfalfa (lucerne), and cattle. Uranium is mined near Crawford, to the southwest. Chadron State College was founded in 1911 and is an important economic asset. The Museum of the Fur Trade has a reconstructed fur-trading post and extensive exhibits on fur trading over the centuries; the city also has an annual Fur Trade Days celebration (July). Chadron is the headquarters of Oglala National Grassland; Agate Fossil Beds National Monument is about 50 miles (80 km) southwest of the city. Near Crawford is Fort Robinson State Park, site of one of the major military outposts (1874) west of the Missouri River in the second half of the 19th century. Chadron State Park is to the south in the Pine Ridge Division of the Nebraska National Forest. Pop. (2000) 5,634; (2010) 5,851.