Carbon

Facts, Uses, & Properties

Oct 27, 2023 - 03:07
 0  11

carbon

carbon (C), nonmetallic chemical element in Group 14 (IVa) of the periodic table. Although widely distributed in nature, carbon is not particularly plentiful—it makes up only about 0.025 percent of Earth’s crust—yet it forms more compounds than all the other elements combined. In 1961 the isotope carbon-12 was selected to replace oxygen as the standard relative to which the atomic weights of all the other elements are measured. Carbon-14, which is radioactive, is the isotope used in radiocarbon dating and radiolabeling.

Element Properties
atomic number6
atomic weight12.0096 to 12.0116
melting point3,550 °C (6,420 °F)
boiling point4,827 °C (8,721 °F)
density
diamond3.52 g/cm3
graphite2.25 g/cm3
amorphous1.9 g/cm3
oxidation states+2, +3, +4
electron configuration1s22s22p2

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