Tanizaki Jun’ichirō

Tanizaki Jun’ichirō, (born July 24, 1886, Tokyo, Japan—died July 30, 1965, Yugawara), major modern Japanese novelist, whose writing is characterized by eroticism and ironic wit.

His earliest short stories, of which “Shisei” (1910; “The Tattooer”) is an example, have affinities with Edgar Allan Poe and the French Decadents. After moving from Tokyo to the more conservative Ōsaka area in 1923, however, he seemed to turn toward the exploration of more traditional Japanese ideals of beauty. Tade kuu mushi (1929; Some Prefer Nettles), one of his finest novels, reflects the change in his own system of values; it tells of marital unhappiness that is in fact a conflict between the new and the old, with the implication that the old will win. Tanizaki began in 1932 to render into modern Japanese one of the monuments of classical Japanese literature, Genji monogatari (The Tale of Genji) of Murasaki Shikibu. This work undoubtedly had a deep influence on his style, for during the 1930s he produced a number of discursive lyrical works that echo the prose of the Heian period, in which Genji monogatari is set. The Tale of Genji continued to hold a deep fascination for him, and through the years he produced several revisions of his original rendition. Another of his major novels, Sasame-yuki (1943–48; The Makioka Sisters), describes—in the leisurely style of classical Japanese literature—the harsh inroads of the modern world on aristocratic traditional society. His postwar writings, including Kagi (1956; The Key) and Fūten rōjin nikki (1961–62; Diary of a Mad Old Man), show an eroticism that suggests a return to his youth. His Bunshō Tokuhon (1934; “A Style Reader”) is a minor masterpiece of criticism. Tanizaki’s work has been characterized as a literary quest for “the eternal female.”