Injection

injection, in mathematics, a mapping (or function) between two sets such that the domain (input) of the mapping consists of all the elements of the first set, the range (output) consists of some subset of the second set, and each element of the first set is mapped to a different element of the second set (one-to-one). The sets need not be different. For example, the function that multiplies each integer by two is an injection from the set of integers to the set of even integers, which is a subset of the integers. If the range of a mapping consists of all the elements of the second set, it is known as a surjection, or onto. A mapping that is both an injection and a surjection is known as a bijection.