Oxygen
Discovery, Symbol, Properties, Uses, & Facts
oxygen (O), nonmetallic chemical element of Group 16 (VIa, or the oxygen group) of the periodic table. Oxygen is a colourless, odourless, tasteless gas essential to living organisms, being taken up by animals, which convert it to carbon dioxide; plants, in turn, utilize carbon dioxide as a source of carbon and return the oxygen to the atmosphere. Oxygen forms compounds by reaction with practically any other element, as well as by reactions that displace elements from their combinations with each other; in many cases, these processes are accompanied by the evolution of heat and light and in such cases are called combustions. Its most important compound is water.
| atomic number | 8 |
|---|---|
| atomic weight | 15.9994 |
| melting point | −218.4 °C (−361.1 °F) |
| boiling point | −183.0 °C (−297.4 °F) |
| density (1 atm, 0 °C) | 1.429 g/litre |
| oxidation states | −1, −2, +2 (in compounds with fluorine) |
| electron config. | 1s22s22p4 |
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