Parallelogram

parallelogram, in geometry, a four-sided plane figure in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel and equal. A parallelogram is a quadrilateral (a polygon with four sides) in which the opposite angles are equal and the diagonals bisect each other. Bisecting a parallelogram along a diagonal divides the figure into two congruent triangles. Rectangles, rhombuses, and squares are all special types of parallelograms. A rectangle is an equiangular parallelogram (all four angles are equal), a rhombus is an equilateral parallelogram (all four sides are equal), and a square is a parallelogram that is both equiangular and equilateral. Parallelograms are often used in physics and other fields to graphically add or subtract vectors.