Centrifugal Pump

centrifugal pump, device for moving liquids and gases. The two major parts of the device are the impeller (a wheel with vanes) and the circular pump casing around it. In the most common type, called the volute centrifugal pump, fluid enters the pump at high speed near the centre of the rotating impeller and is thrown against the casing by the vanes. The centrifugal pressure forces the fluid through an opening in the casing. This outlet widens progressively in a spiral fashion, which reduces the speed of the fluid and thereby increases pressure. Centrifugal pumps produce a continuous flow of fluid at high pressure; the pressure can be increased by linking several impellers together in one system. In such a multistage pump the outlet for each impeller casing serves as the inlet to the next impeller. Centrifugal pumps are used for a wide variety of purposes, such as pumping liquids for water supply, irrigation, and sewage disposal systems. Such devices are also utilized as gas compressors.