Pyrophyllite

pyrophyllite, very soft, pale-coloured silicate mineral, hydrated aluminum silicate, Al₂(OH)₂ Si₄O₁₀, that is the main constituent of some schistose rocks. The most extensive commercial deposits are in North Carolina, but pyrophyllite is also mined in California, China, India, Thailand, Japan, Korea, and South Africa. Talclike foliated masses occur in the Urals, in Switzerland, and in other localities.

Pyrophyllite has long been used in slate pencils and tailor’s chalk and was carved by the ancient Chinese into small images and ornaments. It has good insulating properties, and because it does not become fluid when fired, it is more useful than talc in refractory applications.